Catalog Search

Search Index Table

-- catalogsearch_fulltext (search index)
SELECT entity_id, data_index
FROM catalogsearch_fulltext
WHERE store_id = 1
LIMIT 5;
+-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| entity_id | data_index                                                        |
+-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|         1 | T-Shirt Blue Cotton comfortable summer wear                       |
|         2 | T-Shirt Red Polyester lightweight sports                           |
|         3 | iPhone 15 Pro Max smartphone mobile phone                          |
+-----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+

-- Search attributes
SELECT * FROM catalogsearch_fulltext_rlpt
WHERE store_id = 1 AND entity_id = 1;
+-----------+--------------+-----------+----------+--------+
| entity_id | attribute_id | store_id  | data_index | weight|
+-----------+--------------+-----------+----------+--------+
|         1 |           71 |         1 | T-Shirt   |    1.0 |
|         1 |           73 |         1 | Blue Cotton comfortable |  1.0 |
+-----------+--------------+-----------+----------+--------+

Search Engine Options

Engine Configuration

// app/config.php
return [
    'catalog' => [
        'search' => [
            'engine' => 'elasticsearch8',
            'elasticsearch8_server_hostname' => 'localhost',
            'elasticsearch8_server_port' => '9200',
            'elasticsearch8_index_prefix' => 'magento',
            'elasticsearch8_enable_auth' => '0',
            'elasticsearch8_username' => '',
            'elasticsearch8_password' => '',
        ]
    ]
];

Search Configuration Options

Admin > Stores > Configuration > Catalog > Catalog Search

1. Search Engine:
   - MySQL
   - Elasticsearch 8
   - OpenSearch

2. Index Prefix:
   - magento (for multiple installations)

3. Enable Autocomplete:
   - Yes/No
   - Min Characters: 3
   - Max Suggestions: 10

4. Search Suggestions:
   - Show Results Count: Yes
   - Show Descriptions: Yes

Reindex Search

# Reindex search
bin/magento indexer:reindex catalogsearch_fulltext

# Check status
bin/magento indexer:status catalogsearch_fulltext

# Force reindex
bin/magento indexer:reindex catalogsearch_fulltext --force

Search Collection

// Basic search
$collection = $objectManager->get(
    \Magento\Catalog\Model\ResourceModel\Product\Collection::class
);
$collection->addSearchFilter('T-Shirt');

// Search with specific attributes
$collection->addAttributeToFilter('name', ['like' => '%T-Shirt%']);
$collection->addAttributeToFilter('description', ['like' => '%cotton%']);

// Fulltext search
$collection->addFieldToFilter('search_name', ['like' => '%T-Shirt%']);

Search Criteria API

// Using SearchCriteriaBuilder
$searchCriteriaBuilder = $objectManager->get(
    \Magento\Framework\Api\SearchCriteriaBuilder::class
);

$searchCriteria = $searchCriteriaBuilder
    ->addFilter('name', '%T-Shirt%', 'like')
    ->addFilter('status', 1)
    ->addFilter('visibility', ['in' => [2, 4]])
    ->create();

$productRepository = $objectManager->get(
    \Magento\Catalog\Api\ProductRepositoryInterface::class
);

$products = $productRepository->getList($searchCriteria);

foreach ($products->getItems() as $product) {
    echo $product->getName();
}

Search Results Processing

// Get search results
$query = $objectManager->get(
    \Magento\Search\Model\Query::class
);

$results = $query->load();

// Get product results
$products = $results->getProductCollection();

// Get search suggestions
$suggestions = $results->getSuggestedResults();

// Get related categories
$categories = $results->getCategoryCollection();

Autocomplete

// Autocomplete suggestions
$autocomplete = $objectManager->get(
    \Magento\Search\Model\Autocomplete::class
);

$suggestions = $autocomplete->suggest('T-Shirt');

// Returns:
// [
//     ['title' => 'T-Shirt Blue', 'type' => 'product'],
//     ['title' => 'T-Shirt Red', 'type' => 'product'],
//     ['title' => 'T-Shirts', 'type' => 'category'],
// ]

Searchable Attributes

// Mark attribute as searchable
$eavSetup->addAttribute(
    \Magento\Catalog\Model\Product::ENTITY,
    'custom_searchable',
    [
        'type' => 'varchar',
        'input' => 'text',
        'label' => 'Custom Searchable',
        'searchable' => true,
        'filterable' => true,
        'used_in_product_listing' => true,
    ]
);

Relevance Weighting

// Configure relevance weights
// Elasticsearch: set boost on attributes
$searchRequestBuilder = $objectManager->get(
    \Magento\Search\Model\QueryFactory::class
);

// Name: weight 10
// SKU: weight 8
// Description: weight 5
// Short Description: weight 7

Search Performance

// Optimize search queries
$collection->addAttributeToSelect(['name', 'sku', 'price', 'image']);
// Only load needed attributes

// Use limit
$collection->setPageSize(20);

// Use index
$collection->addFieldToFilter('status', 1);

// Avoid leading wildcards
// BAD: $collection->addSearchFilter('%T-Shirt%');
// GOOD: $collection->addSearchFilter('T-Shirt%');

Search Configuration Best Practices

1. Use Elasticsearch/OpenSearch for large catalogs
2. Configure autocomplete with min characters
3. Set appropriate relevance weights
4. Index all searchable attributes
5. Monitor search analytics
6. Test search queries regularly
7. Use synonyms for common terms
8. Configure search suggestions