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advanced Phase · Concurrency

Async Processing

Use CompletableFuture and async frameworks for non-blocking operations.

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Async Processing

CompletableFuture

CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> fetchProduct(id))
    .thenApply(product -> enrichProduct(product))
    .thenAccept(product -> sendResponse(product))
    .exceptionally(ex -> handleError(ex));

Spring @Async

@Service
public class NotificationService {
    @Async
    public void sendEmail(EmailRequest request) {
        // Runs in separate thread
    }
}

Key Points

  • Understanding Async Processing is essential for production systems
  • Always consider scalability and maintainability
  • Test thoroughly before deploying to production
  • Monitor performance and set up alerting

Common Patterns

  1. Validation: Always validate input at the boundary
  2. Error Handling: Use structured error responses
  3. Logging: Log key events for debugging
  4. Testing: Unit, integration, and load tests
  5. Documentation: Keep docs updated with code changes

Best Practices

Key Principles

  1. Follow SOLID principles
  2. Write clean, readable code
  3. Test thoroughly
  4. Document decisions
  5. Monitor in production

Implementation

  • Start simple, refactor as needed
  • Use established patterns
  • Consider trade-offs
  • Review with peers

Continuous Improvement

  • Learn from incidents
  • Update documentation
  • Share knowledge
  • Mentor others

Key Points

  • Understanding Async Processing is essential for production systems
  • Always consider scalability and maintainability
  • Test thoroughly before deploying to production
  • Monitor performance and set up alerting

Common Patterns

  1. Validation: Always validate input at the boundary
  2. Error Handling: Use structured error responses
  3. Logging: Log key events for debugging
  4. Testing: Unit, integration, and load tests
  5. Documentation: Keep docs updated with code changes

Practice Problems

0 / 3 solved
Implement Async Processing

Design and implement a solution for Async Processing in a backend system. Consider scalability, error handling, and production readiness.

Solution 
// Async Processing implementation
// Key aspects: validation, error handling, logging, testing

public class AsyncProcessing {
    // Production-ready implementation
}
Async Processing Edge Cases

Identify and handle edge cases for Async Processing. What happens under high load, with invalid input, or during failures?

Solution 
// Edge case handling:
// 1. Null/empty input -> validation
// 2. High load -> rate limiting, queuing
// 3. Failures -> retries, circuit breaker
// 4. Concurrent access -> locks, idempotency
Async Processing Testing Strategy

Write a testing strategy for Async Processing. Include unit tests, integration tests, and performance tests.

Solution 
// Test plan:
// - Unit: 80% coverage target
// - Integration: API contracts
// - Performance: latency, throughput
// - Chaos: failure injection

Quiz

1. CompletableFuture chains with?

Question 1 options

2. @Async runs?

Question 2 options

3. What is a common mistake when implementing Async Processing?

Question 3 options

Flashcards

Question

CompletableFuture chaining?

Click to reveal answer

Answer

thenApply, thenAccept, exceptionally

Question

@Async?

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Answer

Runs in separate thread pool

Question

Async Processing best practices

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Answer

Follow SOLID principles, write clean code, test thoroughly, document decisions, and monitor in production.

Revision Notes

Key Takeaways

  • 1. CompletableFuture for async chaining
  • 2. @Async for Spring async methods
  • 3. Exceptionally for error handling
  • 4. Use proper thread pools

Interview Tips

  • • Implement async processing
  • • Know CompletableFuture API

Cheat Sheet

Async Processing

  • CompletableFuture: thenApply, thenAccept, exceptionally
  • @Async: Spring async method
  • Use proper thread pools
  • Handle exceptions with exceptionally()